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PRONOUNS

 Bu şekilde ‘it’ sıfat, isim ve fiillerle kullanılır:

adjectives (sıfatlar):dangerous, vital, important, easy vb.

It’s dangerous to climb that mountain.
It’s easy to pass the university exam.
It’s vital to help the poor.

nouns (isimler): fun, a pity, a shame, pleasure vb.

It’s a pity to beat a child.
It’s a shame to insult him.
It’s a pleasure to be with you.

verbs (fiiller): be, appear, taste, look, seem, smell vb.

It seems that he has passed the exam.
It looks certain that the failure was due to my laziness.

 ‘It’in ayrık cümlelerde (bkz. cleft sentences) kullanımı:

Sözcük veya sözcük öbeğine vurgu yapmak istiyorsak cümleye it’s veya it was+subject+ that
veya who(m) ile başlayabiliriz:

Tarık helped me yesterday. (basit cümle,vurgu yok)
It was Tarık who helped me yesterday. (vurgulu)
It was me who(m) Tarık helped yesterday. (vurgulu)
It was Tarık that yesterday helped me. (vurgulu)

 Find, feel, think gibi fiillerden sonra it + sıfat kullanılırsa cümle mastar (infinitive) veya
that clause ile devam eder:

I found it enjoyable to play with you.
They thought it better that he went abroad.
We found it impossible to persuade him.
 Bazı fiillerde ‘it’in yerine ‘so’nun kullanılması:

 Expect, fear, think, guess, suppose, imagine, be afraid gibi fiillerden sonra olumlu
cevaplarda bütün cümleyi tekrar etmemek için so kullanılır:

Is it true that we have an examination tomorrow?
-I’m afraid so. / It seems so./I think so./ I believe so.

 Olumsuz cevaplarda fiilden hemen sonra not getirilir:

Have they passed the KPDS exam?
-I’m afraid not. / I think not / It seems not.