Page 175 - 9789752600171

177 TENSES IN ENGLISH

THE PAST PERFECT TENSE

Bu tense‟in Türkçe karşılığı yoktur. Yapısını inceleyip kullanımını anlattıktan sonra bu
tense‟in neyi ifade ettiğini kolayca anlayacaksınız:

 YAPI

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
(Olumlu) (Olumsuz) (Soru)
I had slept. I had not slept. Had I slept?
You had slept. You had not slept. Had you slept?
He had slept. He had not slept. Had he slept?
She had slept. She had not slept. Had she slept?
It had slept. It had not slept. Had it slept?
We had slept. We had not slept. Had we slept?
They had slept. They had not slept. Had they slept?
Negative interrogative: Had I not slept? veya
(Olumsuz soru) Hadn‟t I slept? gibi.

Üstteki tabloda görüldüğü gibi;

Affirmative (Olumlu) cümlelerde bütün öznelerden sonra had yardımcı fiili getirilir, fiilimiz
düzensiz ise 3.haldedir, düzenli ise –ed alır.

They had had lunch before I came in.
(Ben içeri girmeden önce öğle yemeğini yemişlerdi)

We had visited Topkapı Palace when we were in Istanbul.
(Biz İstanbul‟da iken Topkapı Sarayı‟nı ziyaret etmiştik)

The fire had spread to the next building before the fire-brigade arrived.
(İtfaiye yetişmeden önce yangın yan binaya sıçramıştı)

Negative (Olumsuz) cümlelerde bütün öznelerden sonra had +not +V3 (fiilin üçüncü hali)
kullanılır. Kısaca hadn’t.

When I phoned him he hadn’t finished the project.
(Ona telefon ettiğimde projeyi bitirmemişti)

They hadn‟t invited all of their friends to the party.
(Bütün arkadaşlarını partiye davet etmemişlerdi)

Interrogative (Soru) cümlelerde had yardımcı fiili başa getirilir. Fiilimiz yine 3.halde kulla-
nılır:
Had they kept their promise?
(Sözlerinde durmuşlar mıydı?)